The atmosphere again acts 填空

The atmosphere again acts our protective blanket on _____

[A] stars

[B] sun

[C] earth

[D] space

Dear Tammy,

It seems like ages ago that we were in Dalian．Now, on Easter break, I have a moment to repeat on our wonderful trip--aided by photos that document how much fun we had--and how much food we ate.

I was proud for Draw Richard to see the strong ties that have been established between our institutions--and what a bright, talented group of Chinese faculty we have had in Meredith．She was impressed as well she should be.

I want to thank you for your lovely fruit bowl and flowers, your gracious attention and comprehensive campus tour, the lovely atmosphere at your flat, and the beautiful place mat and chopstick set．We've decided to take the latter to England, to our flat in Bath, where we regularly eat Chinese take-out and have some reminders of our friends in Dalian.

Until we meet again, please take care of yourself．Good luck in your move to a new flat and good luck On your doctoral work．

All the best，

Betty

On earth gravity (引力) makes blood flow down towards the feet, so the heart must work to pump blood up. In space blood flows up towards the heart. The effect is similar to what happens when you lie with your feet up and your head down. The flowing blood is felt by receptors in the walls of arteries (动脉) in the upper part of the body and in the heart. These receptors send signals to the brain, but the brain reads them incorrectly. To the brain, the signals means the amount of blood in the body has increased, so the brain tells other parts of the body to react to the increase in the blood. For example, the body produces more urine (尿液), resulting in loss of body fluid and salt. At the same time the astronaut has less desire to drink and so does not replace the lost fluid.

As a spacecraft begins to fall back to earth atmosphere, the crew begins to feel gravity. Blood again flows towards the feet and collects there. The heart beats faster in an effort to pump enough blood to the brain. Some crew members may not get enough blood to the brain and the heart beats too fast. They become sick and even lose consciousness as their spacecraft reenters the earth atmosphere. To prevent this, special clothing is invited for astronauts to prevent blood collecting in their legs. They put it on just before the craft reenters the earth’s atmosphere. They also drink about a liter (升) of water and eat some salt to replace the fluid they have lost while in space.

Weightlessness affects the heart and blood vessels in another way. The heart does not work as hard in a weightless environment as it does in an environment of gravity. When the heart works less hard, the heart muscles become weaker. It is replaced by fibrous tissue and fat

41.If one lies with his feet up and his head down on earth, his()

A.blood will flow up towards the heart.

B.blood will flow down towards the feet.

C.heart will pump the blood up to the head.

D.heart will have to work harder.

42.What can we infer from the second paragraph of the passage()

A.The brain reads the signals incorrectly because it tends to go wrong in outer space

B.In space an astronaut should drink some water even when he does not feel thirsty.

C.In space the amount of water in the body of an astronaut increase.

D.The receptors in the walls of arteries often send wrong signals to the brain.

43.When the spacecraft reenters the earth’s atmosphere some astronauts become sick or even lose consciousness because()

A.their brains cannot get enough blood

B.their hearts are not strong enough

C.their blood collects in their feet

D.they begin to feel the gravity again

44.When the spacecraft enter the earth’s atmosphere, the astronauts should do the following except()

A.trying to regain their consciousness

B.eating some salt

C.drinking some water.

D.putting on special clothing

45.After a long time in space, an astronaut’s heart muscles become weaker because()

A.they are short of exercises when the heart works less hard.

B.the heart works too hard under an environment of weightlessness.

C.the astronaut’s hard work puts too great a burden on the heart.

D.they are completely replaced by fibrous tissue and fat.

Dear Vicky,

I live in Aberdeen,in the north of Scotland. My family live in Cornwall,at the other end

of the country. My parents are getting old now, and 1 really want to go and see them thisChristmas. The problem is my boss. He only gives us 2 days' holiday at Christmas. It' 500miles to go from Aberdeen to Cornwa11 and then 500 miles back again,and 1'11 be exhausted(筋疲力尽) when 1 get back. 1 want to ask for more time off, but 1 don' t get on very we11with my boss. A few months ago,he walked into the room and heard some of us saying rudethíngs about him. Since then the atmosphere (气氛) has been very difficult.

Anxious in Aberdeen

Dear Anxious in Aberäeen,

lt' s obvious to me that you need to rebuild your relationship with .your boss. You havehurt his feelings, and now that you need something from him. You have realized what youhave done. There is only one thing to do: it' s time you apologized. l' m sure your boss will berelieved (宽慰的).If you explain why you need the time off, he wiU probably be lÍlore thanhappy to let you go. Good luck!

Vicky

31. The letter-writer wants to _______________ at Christmas.

A. have a long holiday abroad

B. change his job

C. visit his parents who live quite far away

32. The letter-writer will travel____________miles to go to and come back from Cornwall.

A.500 B. 1000

C. 1500

33. The letter-writer doesn't get on we11 with his boss because ______________

A. his boss is a very rude person

B. the letter-writer doesn' t like the atmosphere at work

C. his boss heard the letter-writer and others say very bad things about him

34. Vicky advises the letter-writer to______________

A. make his boss feel sorry about what happened

B. have a good relationship with his boss

C. apologize to his boss for what he has done

35. Vickythinks the letter-writer' s boss will____________after he hears the explanation.

A. be very happy to give the letter-writer a longer holiday

B. not be happy to let the letter-writer go

C. probably give the letter-writer a raise

Dear Vicky,

I live in Aberdeen, in the north of Scotland. My family live in Cornwall, at the other end of the country. My parents are getting old now, and I really want to go and see them this Christmas. The problem is my boss. He only gives us 2 days' holiday at Christmas. It's 500 miles to go from Aberdeen to Cornwall and then 500 miles back again, and I'll be exhausted(筋疲力尽)when I get back. I want to ask for more time off, but I don't get on very well with my boss. A few months ago, he walked into the room and heard some of us saying rude things about him. Since then the atmosphere(气氛)has been very difficult.

Anxious in Aberdeen

Dear Anxious in Aberdeen,

It's obvious to me that you need to rebuild your relationship with your boss. You have hurt his feelings, and now that you need something from him. You have realized what you have done. There is only one thing to doit's time you apologized. I'm sure your boss will be relieved(宽慰的). If you explain why you need the time off, he will probably be more than happy to let you go. Good luck!

Vicky

21. The letter-writer wants to()at Christmas.

A. have a long holiday abroad

B. visit his parents who live quite far away

C. change his job

22. The letter-writer will travel()miles to go to and come back from Com wall.

A. 500

B. 1500

C. 1000

23. The letter-writer doesn't get on well with his boss because().

A. his boss is a very rude person

B. his boss heard the letter-writer and others say very bad things about him

C. the letter-writer doesn't like the atmosphere at work

24. Vicky advises the letter-writer to().

A. make his boss apologize to him

B. give some gifts to his boss

C. apologize to his boss for what he has done

25. Vicky thinks the letter-writer's boss will()after he hears the explanation.

A. be very happy to give the letter-writer a longer holiday

B. not be happy to let the letter-writer go

C. probably give the letter-writer a raise

When a couple gets divorced, the court usually requires the man to pay his former wife a monthly sum of money.If the couple has children, they usually remain with the mother, and the father is expected to pay for their support.

Although divorce is quite common in the United States, 80 percent of those who get divorced remarry.The remarriages allow thousands of people, especially children, to enjoy family life again, but at the same time many troubles have arisen.A well-known American joke tells of a wife calling to her second husband, “Quick, John! Come here and help me! Your children are beating up our children!”

6.What does the passage mainly discuss？()

A.Financial trouble in the family

B.Different attitudes between husband and wife towards children’s education

C.Women’s liberation movement

D.Lack of democratic atmosphere in the household often leads to divorce

7.What do you know of modern American women according to the passage？()

A.They are overbearing

B.They respect their husbands, but do not listen to them

C.They do not have much to say in the household

D.They are more independent than ever before

8.What kind of marriage can be successful according to the passage？()

A.Both the man and woman are financially secure

B.husband and wife share housework

C.Decisions are made by the man and woman together

D.Both the man and woman are well-educated

9.What happens when a couple is divorced according to the passage？()

A.The children become homeless

B.The man, rather than the woman, remarries soon

C.Life becomes difficult for the woman and her children

D.The man is still held responsible for the welfare of his children

10.What does the well-known joke suggest？()

A.Remarriages often end up in failure

B.Children are unhappy in the new family

C.The mother is not respected by the stepchildren

D.Remarriage causes new troubles in the household

As_____________ as men leave the atmosphere

[A] soon

[B] well

[C] much

[D] possible

A.dull

B.exciting

C.Friendly

__________ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.

A) The girl was educated B) The girl educated

C) The girl’s being educated D) The girl to be educated

A.statistics

B.atmosphere

C.concentration

D.supplement