如果所需货币数量超过目前利率所提供的数量,那么()。
A.债券价格和利率都会上涨
B.债券价格和利率都会下降
C.债券价格将上涨,利率将下降
D.债券价格将下跌,利率将上升
E.股票和债券的价值都会增加
![](https://lstatic.shangxueba.com/sxbcn/h5/images/tips_org.png)
A.债券价格和利率都会上涨
B.债券价格和利率都会下降
C.债券价格将上涨,利率将下降
D.债券价格将下跌,利率将上升
E.股票和债券的价值都会增加
第1题
A.货币需求由交易动机、预防动机,投机动机决定
B.恒久性收入越高,所需货币越多
C.当利率降到某一低点时,货币需求会无限增大,此时无人愿意持有债券,都愿意持有货币
D.货币供求的数量决定物价水平
E.人力财富比例越高,所需准备的货币越多
第2题
A、已处于效用最大化状态
B、其花费已超过其现有的收入水平
C、可以用其所有的货币收入取得更多的商品
D、其无差异曲线具有正斜率
第4题
A.通货膨胀和名义利率都上升
B.通货膨胀和真实利率都上升
C.名义利率和真实利率都上升
D.通货膨胀、真实利率和名义利率都上升
第6题
a.如果中央银行通过固定市场利率来制定货币政策,描述一这时有可能出现的问题。(首先,考虑价格灵活变动的情况,并且试问当中央银行以固定利率向人们提供他们所需的所有货币的时候,你是否会找到唯一的均衡价格水平。然后,考虑存在价格黏性的情况。)
b.根据公式R-R0=a(P- P0),其中a为正常数,P0为目标价格水平,如果中央银行在价格上升的时候提高利率,形式会发生变化吗?
c.假设中央银行的政策规则是R-R0=a(P-P0)+u,这里的u代表利率政策中的一种随机扰动。在教材中图14-12显示的超调模型中,描述了在一次未预期的随机因素u下降的情况下,经济是怎样调整到长期水平的,并且解释其中的原因。你可以将u的下降解释为中央银行削减利率,并且因此执行了一次货币扩张行动。请将这一.过程与教材中图14-13所描述的过程进行比较。
Typically central banks, rather than purposefully setting the level of the money supply, set a target level for a short-term interest rate by standing ready to lend or borrow whatever money people wish to hold at that interest rate. (When people need more money for some reason other than a change in the interest rate, the money supply therefore expands, and it contracts when they wish to hold less. In the United States, the“policy” interest rate that the Fed sets is called the federal funds rate, and it is the interest rate at which banks make overnight loans to each other.)
a. Describe the problems that might arise if a central bank sets monetary policy by holding the market interest rate constant. First, consider the flexible-price case, and ask yourself if you can find a unique equilibrium price level when the central bank simply gives people all the money they wish to hold at the pegged interest rate. Then consider the sticky-price case.)
b. Is the situation changed if the central bank raises the interest rate when prices are high, according to a formula such as R- R0=a(P- P0), where a is a positive constant and Po a target price level?
c. Suppose the central bank's policy rule is R-R0=a(P-P0)+u, where u is a random movement in the policy
interest rate. In the overshooting model shown in Figure 14-12, describe how the economy would adjust to a permanent one-time unexpected fall in the random factor u, and why. You can interpret the fall in u as an interest rate cut by the central bank, and therefore as an expansionary monetary action. Compare your story with the one depicted in Figure14-13.
第7题
A.澳大利亚拥有世界闻名的珊瑚礁
B.如果不尽快采取措施,全球变暖将导致全球珊瑚礁的最终死亡
C.到本世纪中叶,二氧化碳的排放量可能会达到目前的两倍,珊瑚礁的数量可能要降至40%
D.珊瑚礁主要分布在南、北纬度30°之间的热带浅海环境中
第9题
A.确认
B.计量
C.记录
D.报告
第10题
A.确认
B.计量
C.记录
D.报告
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