A.stress
B.moderate
C.intensive
D.modern
第1题
A.stress
B.moderate
C.intensive
D.modern
第2题
(A) modern
(B) moderate
(C) moderation
(D) modest
第3题
A、sensible
B、sensitive
C、moderate
D、miserable
第4题
High Stress May Damage Memory
According to a report issued in May 1998,elderly people who have consistently high b1ood levels of cortisol don’t score as well on memory tests as their peels with lower levels of the stress hormone.What’s more. high 1evels of cortisol are also associated with shrinking 0f the hippocampus,a region of the brain that plays a key role in learning and memory.The 6ndings suggest that even cortisol levels in the normal,“healthy” range can actually accelerate brain aging.
The study results “now provide substantial evidence that long—term exposure to adrenal stress hormones may promote hippocampal aging in normal elderly humans,”write Nada Porter and Philip Landfield of the University of Kentucky in Lexington in their editorial.Cortisol is a hormone released in response to stress by the adrenal glands,which sit on top of the kidneys.
Over a 5 to 6一year period,Dr. Sonia Lupien and his colleagues measured 24一hour cortisol levels in 51 healthy volunteers,most of Whom were in their 70s.
Despite wide variation in cortisol levels.the participants could be divided into three Subgroups:those whose cortisol progressively increased over time and was currently high(increasing/high):those whose cortisol progressively increased over time and was currently moderate(increasing/moderate);and subjects whose cortisol decreased,but Was currently moderate(decreasing/moderate).
The researchers tested the volunteers’ memory on six people in the increasing/high category and five people in the decreasing/moderate group.The groups did not differ on tests of immediate memory,but the increasing/high cortisol group had other memory problems compared with those in the decreasing/moderate group.
The researchers also found that the total volume of the hippocampus in those in the increasing/high group was 14% lower than those in the decreasing/moderate group,although there were no differences in 0ther brain regions.
The results suggest that brain aging Can be accelerated by levels of adrenal hormones that are not generally regarded as pathological and that variation within this normal range is related to variation in the rate of brain aging.”write Porter and Landfield.“This further suggests that chronic stress may accelerate the worsening of hippocampus.”
第 26 题 The part of the brain important for a person’s learning and memory is.
A.the cortisol.
B.the adrenal glands.
C.the stress hormones
D.the hippocampus.
第5题
There is some relationship between age and children’s characteristic reaction to divorce. As the child grows older, the greater is the likelihood of a free expression of a variety of complex feelings, an understanding of those feelings, and a realization that the decision to divorce cannot be attributed to any one simple cause. Self-blame virtually disappears after the age of 6, fear of abandonment diminishes after the age of 8, and the confusion and fear of the young child is replaced in the older child by shame, anger, and self-reflection.
Gender of the child is also a factor that predicts the nature of reaction to divorce. The impact of divorce is initially greater on boys than on girls. They are more aggressive, less compliant, have greater difficulties in interpersonal relationships, and exhibit problem behaviors both at home and at school. Furthermore, the adjustment problems of boys are still noticeable even two years after the divorce. Girls’ adjustment problems are usually internalized rather than acted out, and are often resolved by the second year after the divorce. However, new problems may surface for girls as they enter adolescence and adulthood. How can the relatively greater impact of divorce on boys than on girls be explained? The greater male aggression and noncompliance may reflect the fact that such behaviors are tolerated and even encouraged in males in our culture more than they are in females. Furthermore, boys may have a particular need for a strong male model of self-control, as well as for a strong disciplinarian parent. Finally, boys are more likely to be exposed to their parents’ fights than girls are, and after the breakup, boys are less likely than girls to receive sympathy and support from mothers, teachers, or peers.
第36题:Temperamental, irritable kids have difficulty adapting to parental divorce because_____.
[A] they care too much about the life change
[B] the great stress of their families diminishes their ability
[C] they tend to lose temper easily and are sensitive to the life change
[D] they are faced with more parents’ fights than the relaxed, easygoing children
第6题
问题: The image of the malleable child needs parents who are ()
A、tender
B、sensitive
C、moderate
D、strict
第7题
A.VeryHigh
B.High
C.Moderate
D.Low
E.VeryLow
第8题
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