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Public goods are those commodities from whose enjoyment nobody can be effectively excluded

. Everybody is free to enjoy the benefits of these commodities, and one person' s utilization does not reduce the possibilities of anybody else' s enjoying the same good.

Examples of public goods are not as rare as one might expect. A flood control dam is a public good. Once the dam is built, all persons living in the area will benefit--irrespective of their own contribution to the construction cost of the dam. The same holds true for highway signs or aids to navigation. Once a lighthouse is built, no ship of any nationality can be effectively excluded from the utilization of the lighthouse for navigational purposes. National defense is another example. Even a person who voted against military expenditures or did not pay any taxes will benefit from the protection afforded.

It is no easy task to determine the social costs and social benefits associated with a public good. There is no practicable way of charging drivers for looking at highway signs, sailors for watching a lighthouse, and citizens for the security provided to them through national defense: Because the market does not provide the necessary signals, economic analysis has to be substituted for the impersonal judgement of the marketplace.

With what topic is the passage mainly concerned？

A．Mechanisms for safer navigation.

B．The economic structure of the marketplace.

C．A specific group of commodities.

D．The advantages of lowering taxes.

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更多“Public goods are those commodi…”相关的问题

第1题

Governments can improve market outcomes forA.public goods but not common resources.B.ne

A.public goods but not common resources.

B.neither public goods nor common resources.

C.common resources but not public goods.

D.both public goods and common resources.

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第2题

Many forestry outputs are public goods and not easily priced.

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第3题

Advertising is to tell the public about the goods and services ____ are offered.

A.what

B.which

C.where

D.when

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第4题

公共物品（Public Goods)是一种既具有无排他性又具有无竞争性的物品。（)

公共物品(Public Goods)是一种既具有无排他性又具有无竞争性的物品。( )

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第5题

In the third paragraph the author explains______.A．what role the market system plays in pr

In the third paragraph the author explains______.

A．what role the market system plays in producing public goods

B．how weak the market system is in producing public goods

C．why some people refuse to pay for public goods

D．what we can do to make use of the market system

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第6题

The buyers may,within 15 days after the arrival of the goods at the destination,lodge a claim agains

t the sellers for short weight being supported by Inspection Certificate issued by a reputable public surveyor.

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第7题

The phrase （) means "to make public or offer for sale （goods or services) with i

A.pass off

B.pluralistic systems

C.voting rights

D.moral right

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第8题

FIATA have five advisory bodies:（). A. Advisory Body Dangerous Goods （ABDG) B. Advisory Body Leg

A.A. Advisory Body Dangerous Goods (ABDG)

B.B. Advisory Body Legal Matters (ABLM)

C.C. Advisory Body Public Relation (ABPR)

D.D. Advisory Body Vocational Training (ABVT)

E.E. Advisory Body Information Technology (ABIT)

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第9题

It would be difficult to have a society like ours without public goods such as defense, tr

ansportation, and other services.

A public good is one that a person can use without reducing the use of it for another person. One of the best examples of a public good is national defense. One person can benefit from our national defense without reducing another person's benefits. In fact, it is difficult to keep any person in our society from enjoying the benefits of national defense.

The market system does not work well in producing public goods. This is because a person who refuses to pay for a public good can not be kept from using it. Suppose that the neighbors in a high crime area decide to hire a police force. Each neighbor, except Mrs. Smith, agrees to pay $100 a year for it. Mrs. Smith refuses to pay because she knows that if all the others pay the $100, the police will guard the area anyway. So Mrs. Smith can enjoy the services of the police force without paying $100. The market system has no way to deal with this type of problem. For this reason, we can not ask each person to make a direct payment in the form. of product price. Therefore, we collect money for public goods by using taxes.

According to the passage, public goods are______.

A．services enjoyed by all people

B．what we can buy and sell in public

C．products that we make for national defense

D．taxes paid by the people involved

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第10题

Which of the following is not a reason to study economics（)？

A.To learn how people allocate scarce resources to produce goods

B.To learn how to trade off quantities of goods for quality of life

C.To learn a systematic model of economic principles for comprehending reality

D.To learn to avoid the fallacy of composition in analyses of public policy

E.All of the above are valid reasons for studying economics

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第11题

公共物品既是非竞争的，又是非排他的。解释这两个概念并清楚地说明它们之间的区别。Public goods are both nonrival and nonexclusive. Explain each of these terms and show clearly how they differ from each other.

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