The word music in the third paragraph means ____（）

A.three

B.four

C.five

D.six

The word “phonograph” (Line 5-6, Paragraph 1) most probably means_____.

［A］ record player

［B］ radio

［C］ musical technique

［D］ music culture

A. However, Harry likes classical music better.

B.In a word

C.In total

D.In general

E.In all

A．Kid’s music taste

B．1993’s top album

C．Nielsen’s 2014 list

D．The music industry

A.duress

B.monopoly

C.void

D.patent

The word "off-limit" in the passage may mean

A.off-set

B.off-state

C.within limits

D.beyond the limit

What is the function of the word “Then” at the beginning of line 9？

A.It indicates the thematic turn in this Petrarchan sonnet.

B.It indicates the logical turn in this Petrarchan sonnet.

C.It indicates the structural turn in this Petrarchan sonnet.

D.All the three answers mentioned above.

Passage One

The exact year of Christ's birth is not recorded, but the calendar began on the supposed date divides time into B.C. (before Christ) and A.D. (in the year of our Lord). Nor was the exact day of his birth known. For the first 300 years his birthday was celebrated on different days. It was not until the year 354 that December25thwas chosen.

Christmas music is loved by all who hear and sing it every year. Carols, bells, and merry music have been a part of Christmas for centuries. Every Christmas Eve the bells ring to call people to church services. The most famous sleigh bells in the world belong to Santa Claus.

Christmas is a family festival. In the United States, no distance seems too great if it enables one to join the family circle for the holiday. All schools close for two weeks, parents welcome home their children and grandchildren and often open their doors to friends and strangers.

31. The calendar began ______.

A. in the exact year of Christ' birth

B. on the exact date which divides time into B. C. and A. D.

C. on December 25th

D. on the chosen date

根据下列材料，请回答 46～50 题：

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

Since the days of Aristotle, a search for universal principles has characterized the scientific enterprise. In some ways, this quest for commonalities defines science. Newton's laws of motion and Darwinian evolution each bind a host of different phenomena into a single explicatory framework.

(46)In physics, one approach takes this impulse for unification to its extreme, and seeks a theory of everything — a single generative equation for all we see. It is becoming less clear, however, that such a theory would be a simplification, given the proliferation of dimensions and universes that it might entail. Nonetheless, unification of sorts remains a major goal.

This tendency in the natural sciences has long been evident in the social sciences too. (47)Here, Darwinism seems to offer justification, for if all humans share common origins, it seems reasonable to suppose that cultural diversity could also be traced to more constrained beginnings. Just as the bewildering variety of human courtship rituals might all be considered to be forms of sexual selection, perhaps the world's languages, music, social and religious customs and even history are governed by universal features. (48)To filter out what is contingent and unique from what is shared might enable us to understand how complex cultural behaviour arose and what guides it in evolutionary or cognitive terms.

That, at least, is the hope. But a comparative study of linguistic traits published online today supplies a reality check. Russell Gray at the University of Auckland and his colleagues consider the evolution of grammars in the light of two previous attempts to find universality in language.

The most famous of these efforts was initiated by Noam Chomsky, who postulated that humans are born with an innate language-acquisition capacity that dictates a universal grammar. A few generative rules are then sufficient to unfold the entire fundamental structure of a language, which is why children can learn it so quickly.

(49)The second, by Joshua Greenberg, takes a more empirical approach to universality, identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many languages, which are considered to represent biases that result from cognitive constraints.

Gray and his colleagues have put them to the test by examining four family trees that between them represent more than 2,000 languages. (50) Chomsky’s grammar should show patterns of language change that are independent of the family tree or the pathway tracked through it, whereas Greenbergian universality predicts strong co-dependencies between particular types of word-order relations. Neither of these patterns is borne out by the analysis, suggesting that the structures of the languages are lineage-specific and not governed by universals.

第 46 题 请在（46）处填上最佳答案

Classical Music Classical music is a form. of music needing high musical sills. If you wish to learn this kind of music, you have to go through

proper training,

Heavy Metal Music Heavy metal music came out after the Second World War. The melody of the song is heavily influenced by the structure of it. It is also known as "information music" In heavy metal music, songwriting is based on a from.

Hip hop Music this music always includes the use of instruments such the guitar, violin, piano, bass, drums and so on In this type of music,

the bass is the main instrument. It was first played by a group of traveling singers and poets of West Africa

Opera Music t first appeared in Italy in the 1600s. It has a great mixture of theatrical art and musical invention and is used in theaters.

Jazz Music This type of music has strong and complex melodies. The main musical instruments are the cornet, trumpet and violin, which

help carry the melody.

Besides these, there are many others such as the blues, New Age music, Celtic music, religious music, and chamber music.

1.（）music needs high musical skills.

A.Classical

B.Heavy metal

C.Hip-hop

D.Opera

2.The main instrument in Hip-hop music is the（）.

A guitar

B.violin

C.piano

D.bass

3. The（）is used in both Hip hop music and jazz music com

A.piano

B.Trumpet

C.violin

D.cornet

4. Opera music first appeared in（）.

A.Africa

B Italy

C.American

D.China

5. Which of the following is RIGHT according to the passage？（）

A.Heavy metal music appeared after the First Word War.

B.Only after proper training can you learn the blues

C.People cal jazz music "information music"

D.in the world there are many kinds of music