苏格拉底（Socrates）

A.两者不一样。普罗塔哥拉使人的主体性觉醒，是对自然哲学的反思；苏格拉底使人统一于向善的标准之下，是对人的哲学的反思

B.两者基本一致。普罗塔哥拉和苏格拉底都认为世界有着统一的本体——“善”，而它存在于人的主观意识中

C.两者不一样。普罗塔哥拉对神的作用进行了批判，使人与万物协调一致；苏格拉底对自然的作用进行了批判，认为人不是万物的尺度而是“善”的尺度，确立了人的尊严

D.两者基本一致。普罗塔哥拉和苏格拉底都否定了世间万物有统一的标准，认为感觉与认知是最重要的，而感觉与认知又随个体的不同而不同

A.Plato

B.Aristotle

C.Thales

A.melancholy

B.anger

C.ecstasy

as described by his student, the great philosopher Plato, as “the best and most just and wisest man”. Yet this same man was condemned to death for his beliefs.

The man was the Greek philosopher, Socrates, and he was condemned for not believing in the recognized gods and for corrupting young people. The second charge stemmed from his association with numerous young men who came to Athens from all over the civilized world to study under him.

Socrates’ method of teaching was to ask questions and, by pretending not to know the answers, to press his students into thinking for themselves. His teaching had unsurpassed influence on all the great Greek and Roman schools of philosophy. Yet, for all his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word.

(40)Socrates encouraged new ideas and free thinking in the young, and this was frightening to the conservative people. They wanted him silenced. Yet many were probably surprised that he accepted death so readily.

Socrates had the right to ask for a lesser penalty, and he probably could have won over enough of the people who had previously condemned him. But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence. So, he calmly accepted his fate and drank a cup of poison hemlock in the presence of his grief-stricken friends and students.

11. In the first paragraph, the word “yet” is used to introduce______.

A. contrast

B. a sequence

C. emphasis

D. an example

12. Socrates was condemned to death because he ________.

A. believed in law

B. was a philosopher

C. published radical philosophical articles

D. advocated original opinions

13. The word “unsurpassed” in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to_______.

A. untold

B. unequalled

C. unnoticed

D. unexpected

14. By mentioning that Socrates himself never wrote anything, the writer implies that ________.

A. it was surprising that Socrates was so famous

B. Socrates was

C. Socrates used to work of his students in teaching

D. the authorities refused to publish Socrates’ works

15. Socrates accepted the death penalty to show ________.

A. his belief in his students

B. his contempt for conservatives

C. his recognition of the legal system

D. that he was not afraid of death

Socrates accepted the death penalty to show______.

A．his belief in his students

B．his contempt for conservatives

C．his recognition of the legal system

D．his fearlessness for death

A.gods

B.heart

C.experience

A.Aristotle

B.none of the above

C.Plato

D.Socrates

A.Socrates

B.Plato

C.Aristotle

A.Protagoras

B.Socrates

C.Homer