peer pressure

Peer Pressure

(1)来自同辈的压力对年轻人有着潜移默化的影响

(2)我们该如何应对这种同辈压力

The author suggests in the last paragraph that the effect of peer pressure is

[A] harmful

[B] desirable

[C] profound

[D] questionable

ds of young people. This influence，known as peer pressure，is quite common among children. Why are children so easily affected by what their peers do，think，or say？ Most of us，children included，feel a strong need to be liked by others. We seek acceptance and friendship. In order to gain them，we act like our friends，and listen to their advice，whether or not it is helpful. Some of us even begin to think like our friends，sometimes at the expense of our own beliefs and values. An example that comes to mind is the young person who gets involved with drugs because his peer group is experimenting with them. Parents may try to exert pressure to keep him away from drugs，but frequently peer pressure is too great. This conflict between being your own person and，at the same time，responding to the pressures of a group remains a problem for young people.

1、The passage mainly talks about ().

A、friendship

B、peer pressure

C、conflicts between young people and their parents

D、problems for young people

2、In the third sentence of the second paragraph，“them”refers to().

A、children

B、strong needs to be liked by others

C、acceptance and friendship

D、our friends’ advice

3、“being your own person”in the last sentence most probably means ().

A、acting according to your own beliefs and values

B、trying not to tell any lie

C、keeping yourself away from drugs

D、having enough self-confidence

4、The second paragraph focuses on ().

A、what peer pressure is

B、how young people start to take drugs

C、what parents should do for their children

D、why young people are easily influenced by their peers

5、Who can influence us on the actions， thoughts？()

A、teacher

B、father

C、mother

D、friends and contemporaries

根据下列材料，请回答 21～25 题：

Come on –Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good-drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the word.

Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of example of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers.

The idea seems promising，and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology.” Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!” pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers-teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.

But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very well for very long. Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut. Evidence that the LoveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.

There’s no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits-as well as negative ones-spread through networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form. of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior. we see every day.

Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. It’s like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. The tactic never really works. And that’s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.

第 21 题 According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges as

[A] a supplement to the social cure

[B] a stimulus to group dynamics

[C] an obstacle to school progress

[D] a cause of undesirable behaviors

阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误。

CAUSES FOR JUVENILE DELINQUENCY

Juvenile Delinquency refers to criminal acts committed by children or teenagers, specifically anyone below the age of eighteen. These crimes hurt society and the children themselves.

There are many factors that cause juvenile delinquency.

Some children want to test their parents' or society's limits. Sometimes juvenile crimes happen because of a lack of rules and supervision. For example, many times children commit crimes after school and while their parents are at work.

Additionally, mental illness and substance abuse are main factors. 15-20% of juveniles convicted of crimes have serious mental illnesses, when the range of mental illnesses widens，the percentages increase to 30-90%.

Also, many people believe, a child's environment and family are greatly related to their juvenile delinquency record. For example, the dynamics of a family can affect a child's delinquency rate.

Poverty level is another factor.

Finally, another cause could be the relationships a child grows in school or outside of school. A positive or negative friendship can influence the chances of children becoming delinquents. Peer pressure is also at play. Relationships and friendships can lead to gangs, these are major factors in violent crimes among teens.

These are just some of the causes of juvenile delinquency.

操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。

1. Juvenile Delinquency hurts the children themselves only. {T; F}

2. There are five reasons for juvenile delinquency according to the text.{T; F}

3. Parents should take some responsibility for juvenile delinquency.{T; F}

4. Poverty has something to do with juvenile delinquency.{T; F}

5. Peer pressure has no connection with juvenile delinquency.{T; F}

A.压力

B.人格因素

C.获得性学习

D.同辈影响

A.保研政策

B.课程设置

C.专业的学习氛围（获得感、归属感、同辈压力）

D.其他

任务促成的纪律的前提是（）。

A．教师的监督、指导

B．同辈群体的压力

C．个人对活动本身的充分理解

D．活动本身的吸引力

垂直压力(pressure)