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[主观题]
The word as a symbol and the actual thing it refers to have a direct relationship.（)
The word as a symbol and the actual thing it refers to have a direct relationship.()
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第1题
A copyright is a name, word or a symbol that has been registered by the owner for iden
tifying its product line.()
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第3题
According to semantic triangle, there is no direct link between a symbol and referent, i.e. between a word and a thing it refers to.（）
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第4题
Why is it important to eat noodles at birthdays for Chinese people？
A．Noodles are long, which is a symbol of longevity．
B．Long noodles are pronounced changmian i n Chinese,which means “long face”． Long face was a sign of longevity in ancient ChinA．
C．Birthday noodles are long and thin． Their Chinese pronunciation is changshoumian． The first two syllables have the same pronunciation as the word longevity in Chin
E．
第5题
Animals are friends of human beings, so the languages of all nations contain a lot of
words about animals. Certain words for animals do carry similar denotative and connotative meanings in both languages. In English, for instance, “dove” is often related to “peace”, and in Chinese we have a similar term “和平鸽”. Another example is that “fox” and “狐狸” both imply the quality of “being sly”, as is obvious in the idioms of “as sly as a fox” and “像狐狸一样狡猾”.
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However, there are many words with the same denotative meanings but different connotative meanings. For instance, “bat” is an evil animal in European folk legends. The English idioms like “as blind as a bat” and “as crazy as a bat” give explanation by themselves. But many Chinese people believe that “bat” is the symbol of good luck, health and happiness. This is mainly because in “蝙蝠” “蝠” is pronounced the same with “福” (good fortune) in “幸福” (happiness) and “洪福” (limitless blessing).
Still, there are many other words whose denotative and connotative meanings are both different in English and Chinese. For example, in the western world, “dragon” is a fire-spitting mythical animal, signifying violence, as in “He is a bit of dragon here.” By contrast, most Chinese people regard “龙” (Long) as a symbol of dignity and power, as in the idiom “望子成龙” (hold high hopes for one’s child).
1. Some English words about animals carry both denotative and connotative meanings.()
A.True
B.False
2. Many words from Chinese and English are the same in both the denotational meanings and connotational meanings, such as “fox” and “狐狸”.()
A.True
B.False
3. The Chinese word “蝙蝠” carries the same connotative meanings with the English word “bat”.()
A.True
B.False
4. The Chinese word “龙” carries the same denotative meaning with the English word “dragon”.()
A.True
B.False
5.“He is a bit of dragon here.” The equivalent Chinese version of this sentence is: 他在这一带为非作歹。()
A.True
B.False
第6题
The aim of the teacher is to get his pupils as quickly as possible over the period in whic
h each printed symbol is looked at for its shape, and arrive at the stage when the pupil looks at words and phrases, for their meaning, almost without noticing the shapes of these separate letters.
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When a good reader is at work, he does not look at letters, nor even at words, one by one, however quickly; he takes in the meaning of two, three, or four words at a time, in a single moment. Watch carefully the eyes of a person who is reading, and it will be seen that they do not travel smoothly along the lines of print, but they move by jumps separated by very short stops. The eyes of a very good reader move quickly, taking long jumps and making very short halts (停顿); the eyes of a poor reader move more slowly, taking only short jumps and stopping longer at each halt. Some- times, when he meets a difficulty, he even goes backwards to see again what has already been looked at once.
The teacher’s task is therefore clear: it is to train his pupils to take in several words at a glance (one "eye jump" ) and remove the necessity for going backwards to read something a second time.
This shows at once that letter-by-letter, or syllable-by-syllable (音节), or word-by-word reading, with the finger pointing to the word, carefully fixing each one in turn, is wrong, It is wrong because such a method ties the pupil’s eye down to a very short jump. Moreover, a very short jump is too short to provide any meaning or sense; and it will be found that having struggled with three or four words separately, the pupil has to look at them again, all together and in one group, in order to get the meaning of the whole phrase.
Which of the following is closest in meaning to the first paragraph？
A．Pupils should be trained to reach quickly the stage of reading without having to concentrate on the separate symbols.
B．Pupils should look at each printed symbol for its meaning as well as for its shape.
C．Teachers should help their pupils avoid looking at the shape of the printed symbols.
D．Teachers should tell their pupils the different stages of their study.
第7题
Of all systens of symols, language is the most highly developed. It has been ponted out that human beings, by agreement, can make anything stand for anything. Human beings have agreed, in the course of centuries of mutual (相互的) depenncy, to let the vrious n0that they can produce with their lungs. throats, tongues, teeth, and lis systematically stand for certain happenings in their nervous system. We call that system of agreements language.
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There is no necessary connection between the symbol and that which it stands for. Just as social positions can be symbolized by feathers worn on the head, by gold on the watch chain, or by a thousand other things according to the culture we live in, so the fact of being hungry can be symbolized by 2 thousand dfferett noises according to the culture we live in.However obvious these facts may appear at first glance. they are actually not so obvious as they seem except when we take special pains to think about the subject. Symbols and the things they stand for are independent of each other, yet we all have a way of feeling as if and sometimes acting as if there were necessary connections. For example, there are people who feel that foreign languages are unreasonable by nature: foreigners have such funny names for things, and why can't they call things by their right names? This feeling exhibits itself most strongly in those English and American tourists who seem to believe that they can make the natives of any county understand English if they shout loud enough Like the lttle boy who is reported to have said:“Pigs are clled pigs because they are such dirty ani
mals，”they feel that the symbol is inherently (内在地) connected in some way with the things symbolized.
1.Language is a highly developed system of symbols because human beings.（）
A. have made use of language for cenuries
B. use our nervous system to support language
C. have made various noises stand for any events
D. can make anything stand for anyting by agrement
2.What can we conclude fom Paragraph2? （）
A. Different noises may mean dfferet things.
B. Our culture determines what a symbol stands for.
C. The language we use symboizes our social positions.
D. Our social positions determine the way we are dessed.
3.In Paragraph 3, the underlined words take special pains probably means（）.
A. try very hard
B. take our time
C. are very unhappy
D. feel espeialy painful
4.The example of the lite boy is used to show that.（）
A. adults often learn from their young
B. “pig”is a dirty word because pigs are dirty
C. words are not connected with the things they stand for
D. people sometimes have wrong idea about how language works
5.What does the writer of this passage think of language? （）
A. appreciative
B. depreciative
C. neutral
D. unknown
第8题
The ancient Olympic Games were part of a religious festival in honour of the Greek go
d Zeus, the father of all Greek gods and goddesses.The festival and games were held in Olympia, a religious sanctuary.The athletes came to Olympia from all parts of the Greek world, from as far as Spain in the west and Turkey in the east.The ancient Olympic Games began in the yea 776 BC when Koroibos, a cook from the city of Elis, won a 200-metre-long race.They took place for a period of 617 years until the last games were held in AD 393
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In the ancient games, athletes received prizes worth large amounts of money.In fact the word athlete is an ancient Greek word, meaning one who competes for a prize.Although women did not compete in the games, there was a separate festival held at the same time in honour of Hera, wife of Zeus At this festival unmarried girls competed in foot races.
The marathon was not an event of the ancient Olympic Games.The marathon is a modern event that was first introduced in the Olympic Games in 1896.It was named after a village called Marathon where the Persians were defeated by a small Greek army The news of the victory was brought to Athens by soldier, who ran the 26 miles from the village of Marathon to the capital 26 miles was therefore adopted as the distance of the modern marathon race
The Olympic flag was introduced in 1908 and carries the symbol of five linked rings.Which represent the five continents-Africa, America, Asia, Australasia and Europe.The Olympic flame was first carried in the 1932 Olympic Games in Los Angeles.There was no torch relay in the ancient Olympic Games.The first torch relay in the modern OlympIc Games was staged in Berlin in 1936.(判断正误)
26.The ancient Greeks held the first Olympic Games in 617 BC.()
27.The ancient Greeks held the Olympic Games for 393 years.()
28.They did not allow women to compete in the an cient Olympic Games.()
29.They first used the Olympic flag in 1908.()
30.The torch relay was first used in the ancient Olympics.()
第9题
McDonald's is the world single biggest food provider with annual sales of around $12.4bn.And the company's symbol Ronald McDonald is now (or so the company claims) the word's most recognized person after Santa Claus.The first McDonald's restaurant was opened in San Bernardino, California, in 1948 by brothers Mac and Richard 'Dick'; McDonald.Mac ran the restaurant side; Dick was the marketing genius.He had already invented the drive-in laundry and had been the first person to use neon lights in advertising.Now he spotted the gap in the post-war, baby-boom market for cheap, family-orientated restaurants with simple menus, standardized food and efficient service.After a slow start, business began to boom.By 1954, the brothers were joined by another entrepreneur, a kitchen equipment salesman called Ray A Kroc who owned the franchise to the multi-mixer, milk shake maker used throughout the McDonald's chain.A year later, Kroc had bought the McDonald brothers' chain of 25 franchises for the equivalent of around 70m dollars(44m pounds).Dick remained with the company until the Seventies, when he and Kroc fell out over Kroc's claim that the chain was his creation.
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Today, an almost Stalinist cult of personality surrounds Kroc (who died in 1984) at
McDonald's, while the brothers who gave the company its name have all but been written out of its history.But though Kroc did not found McDonald's, he was certainly responsible for the
empire-building philosophy which led to its world domination.He ushered in such essential contributions to international cuisine as the Big Mac (1968) and the Egg McMuffin (1973); and helped launch Ronald McDonald --- 'in any language he means fun'; --- on to television in
1963.
Every three hours, a new McDonald's franchise opens somewhere in the world; it can be found in more than 100 countries including India (vegetarian-only to avoid offending the non-beef-eating populace) and Israel (non kosher, despite fierce local objection).McDonald's chain embodied the thrusting, can-do spirit of Fifties America with staff mottoes such as 'If you've got time to lean, you've go time to clean.
1.McDonald's was founded（）.
A.by a kitchen equipment salesman
B.in alforia
C.by a marketing genius called Dick McDonald
D.after the first World War
2.What do we know about McDonald's brothers?（）
A.They were not McDonald's founders although they named the restaurant.
B.Their business was still in depression after several years.
C.They had clear job separation on business.
D.They sold their restaurant to a salesman in 1954.
3.Which is not Kroc's contribution to McDonald's ?
A.He launched the restaurant image Ronald McDonald on to television.
B.Under his lead, international cuisine as the Big Mac and the Egg McMuffin earned worldwide fame
C.He spotted the gap in postwar market for cheap, family-rientated restaurants.
D.He built McDonald's empire with a philosophy which led to its wold domination.
4.Which statement is true according to the passage?（）
A.The single biggest food provider was however, not named after its founder.
B.The international cuisine as the Big Mac, a beef hamburger, is provided every chain restaurant in the world.
C.Employees in McDonald's have no time to lean.
D.The symbol Ronald McDonald, means fun in any language, is said to the word most recognized person after Santa Claus.
5. This passage is mainly concerned with（）.
A.brief history of McDonald's.
B.McDonald's success.
C.Ray A Kroc, leader of the McDonald's empire.
D.McDonald brothers, founder of McDonald's.
