Giving the fact that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right c

The other day your cousin came to visit us without giving notice __________

A.in addition

B.in advance

C.in fact

D.in nature

There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in

pronunciation comparable to that existing in spelling.

(orthography). One is the fact that pronunciation is learnt

'naturally' and unconsciously, and orthography is learnt 【B1】______

deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact,

remain throughout our lives quite unconscious with what 【B2】______

our speech sounds like when we speak out, and it often 【B3】______

comes as a shock when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. 【B4】______

It is not a voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting

is something which we almost always know. We begin the 'natural' 【B5】______

learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read or

write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and 【B6】______

practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many more hours

per every day than we ever have to spend learning even our difficult 【B7】______

English spelling. This is 'natural', therefore, that our speech-sounds 【B8】______

should be those of our immediate circle；after all, as we have seen,

speech operates as a means of holding a community and 【B9】______

giving a sense of 'belonging'. We learn quite early to recognize a

'stranger', someone who speaks with an accent of a different

community — perhaps only a few miles far. 【B10】______

【B1】

In addition to being playful, dolphins are helpful to men. For example, as 400 B. C. the Greek poet Arion was saved from drowning by a dolphin. From then until now, dolphins have been helping swimmers who are in trouble. Swimmers, however, are not the only humans they help. In some parts of the world, they can be counted on to help men catch fish.

Moreover, dolphins are very intelligent. A dolphin's brain resembles a human brain, but it is larger. Consequently, some people claim that dolphins are really smarter than men. Of course, there is no way of proving this point. Brain size is not an absolute measure of intelligence. Furthermore, measuring dolphins' intelligence in other ways is not possible since men cannot fully communicate with them. Apparently, however, dolphins communicate with each other. At any rate, they make whistling, clicking and buzzing sounds which seem to be at least a form. of language. So far, however, men have not been able to figure out the communication code the dolphins use.

根据短文提供的信息，完成 117～120各题。

Taxes are a big part in the United States．Most Americans pay city taxes，state taxes，social security taxes，sales taxes…，and the list seems endless．

The biggest tax for most Americans in that on the money they earn——the income tax．The personal income tax is called a“progressive tax”because it takes more from those who earn more fl or example，a person who earns about 3，500 dollars a year will pay a tax of only about 3．5％of earning. But of the same person earned 85，000 dollars a year， he would pay an In come tax of 35％．

Over the、ears the income tax has become more and more difficult for people to un Dustan D．M almost only half of all-Americans now have t0 pay experts to prepare their tax fee pores in fact，preparing taxes and giving tax advice have become a big industry in America．

第 117 题 Most Americans pay（）．

A．taxes which are too many to list．

B．taxes either t0 the cities or the states they live in．

C．so many kinds of taxes that they even don't know the names．

D．several kinds 0f taxes．

The social education of young children tries to make them accept the idea that human beings in a Society need to work together for their common good. So the emphasis is on cooperation rather than competition throughout most of this process. This may seem curious, in view of the fact that American society is highly competitive; however, the need for making people sociable in this sense has come to be regarded as one of the functions of education. Most Americans do grow up with competitive ideas, and obviously quite a few as criminals, but it is not fair to say that the educational system fails. It probably does succeed in making most people sociable and ready to help one another both in material ways and through kindness and friendliness.

According to the passage, the U.S. elementary education is supposed to make children ______.

A．sensible and sensitive

B．competitive and interested

C．curious and friendly

D．happy and cooperative

A: Very well, we have settled everything about this transaction, except the terms of payment.

B: As you know, we prefer the L/C 20 days in advance which expires 15 days after receiving the paking list.

A: I suppose you have known our financial standing and credit well now after our long-term cooperation．We know an irrevocable L/C can ensure that the seller gets payment duly．But, on the other hand, it would increase the buying cost．Therefore, could you consider giving us D/P this time？

B: I am sorry．But our rules only allow us to accept other terms of payment by L/C, although the buyer has had two or three transactions with us before.

A: But why not if you have known the buyer's credit after several deals？

B: We hope you can understand．We have got some serious lessons from the credulity．One of them was through D/P documentary collection．When the shipment worth US ＄50000 was effected, the buyer refused to make the payment．But we can do nothing with it．And that buyer had had one or two deals before this one.

A: I see．But the flexible terms of payment will definitely bring you more orders as well as facilitate the buyers' purchasing.

B: Sure．We don't mean we won't accept other terms of payment forever．As a matter of fact, we will do so when we have known well about the buyer's credit after a real long-term cooperation.

根据以下内容回答题：

It has been shown that children who smoke have certain characteristics．Compared with non．smokers they are more rebellious，their work becomes worse as they move up school，they are more likelv to leave school early，and are more often delinquent and sexually premature．Manv of these features can be summarized as anticipation of adulthood． There are a number of factors which determine the onset of smoking，and these are largely psychological and social．They include availability of cigarettes，curiosity，rebelliousness，appearing tough，anticipation of aduhhood，social confidence，the example of parents and teachers，and smoking by friends and older brothers and sisters．

It should be much easier to prevent children from starting to smoke than to persuade adults on giving up the habit once established，but in fact this has proved very difficult.The example set up by people in authority，especially parents，health care workers，and teachers，is of Drime importanee．School rules should forbid smoking by children on the premises．This rule has been introduced at Summerhill School where I spent my school days． There is，however，a risk of children smoking just to rebel against the rules，and even in those schools which have tried to enforce no smoking by physical punishment there is as much smoking as other schools．Nevertheless，banning smoking is probably on balance beneficial．Teachers should not smoke on school premises，at least not in front of childr‘en．

In the passage the author puts emphasis on__________ ．

A.the effect of smoking among children

B.the reason why children start smoking

C.the difficulty in preventing．children from smoking

D.the measures to ban smoking among children

The University as Business

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep

tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,

very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because

of a loss in value of university endowments' heavily investing in common 1

stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes

its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the 2

outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of 3

business firms. The rise in tuitions mayreflect the fact economic uncertainty 4

increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being

in the school is foregoing income from a job (this isprimarily a factor in 5

graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one' s job prospects, 6

the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,

in order to make oneself more marketable. The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students 7

include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students

a governance role, and eliminate required courses. 8

Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as

customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the 9

rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of the

athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the best

athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries earlier

from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust authorities,

the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the best students, by

agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather than purely

of need-just like business firms agreeing not to give discounts on their best 10

customer.

In England, Christmas Day and Good Friday have been holidays for religious reasons since the establishment of Christianity in the country. Christmas is celebrated on December 25, not Christmas Eve as in several other European countries. The other public holidays (or "Bank Holidays") are Easter Monday, May Day (May 1st), the Spring Bank Holiday (the last Monday in May), the Summer Bank Holiday (the last Monday in August), December 26th (Boxing Day), and New Year's Day. The term "Bank Holiday" goes back to the Bank Holidays Act of 1871, which owes its name to the fact that banks are closed on the days specified.

Boxing Day takes its name from the old custom of giving employees or tradesmen (such as milkman) an annual present or "Christmas box" on that day

Easter Monday is generally regarded as an unofficial consecration (祭祀) of Spring. It used to be the day on which the ladies would parade in the parks, wearing new dresses and hats. Although this custom is dying out, the tradition still provides the ladies with a pretext for buying spring clothes.

The August Bank Holiday is probably the most popular one of the year, partly because it comes at a time when children are not at school In Ireland, St. Patrick's Day (March 17th) is also a Bank Holiday. St Patrick is the Patron Saint of Ireland. It is curious that St. George's Day (April 23rd) not a public holiday in England though St. George is the Patron Saint of England. However, the flag of St George (a red cross on a white background) or the Union Jack is flown on that day, particularly by churches of the Church of England.

31. Public holidays have been called Bank Holidays in England since _____.

A. last century

B. ancient times

C. the foundation of England

D. the start of banking business

32. Boxing Day is a day _____.

A. which has something to do with sports such as "boxing"

B. when employees are paid

C. for giving an annual gift

D. for holding a party

33 一 What did the ladies use to do on Easter Monday？

— _____.

A. They wore new clothes and hats.

B. They went to the seaside for their holidays.

C. They used to go to church.

D. They gave presents to each other.

34. The August Bank Holiday is probably the most popular one of the year, partly because _____.

A. the weather often agrees with people

B. the weather rarely changes

C. the weather is suitable for people to travel

D. it comes at a time when the pupils are not at school

35. Holidays in Ireland ________ in England

A. are just the same as those

B. are entirely different from those

C. are partly different from those

D. are not celebrated