Critics argue that the best way to protect our environment is not to do any damage to it

一些评论家认为新兴经济体采取的固定汇率政策创造了一种道德风险。你同意这种看法吗？(提示：如果人们知道汇率每天都是变动的，借款者的行为或许会有所不同.)

Some critics of the adoption of fixed exchange rates by emerging market economies argue that they create a kind of moral hazard. Do you agree？ (Hint: Might borrowers behave differently if they knew exchange rates were changeable from day to day7)

Parents are concerned about the lack of quality in television programs for children. The degree of violence in many of these shows also worries them. Studies indicate that, when children are exposed to violence, they may become aggressive or insecure.

Parents are also concerned about the commercials (商业广告) that their children see on television. Many parents would like to see fewer commercials during programs for children. And some parents feel that these shows should not have any commercials at all because young minds are not mature enough to deal with the claims made by advertisers.

Educational television has no commercials and has programs for children that many parents approve of. The most famous of these is Sesame Street, which tries to give preschool children a head start in learning the alphabet (字母) and numbers. It also tries to teach children useful things about the world in which they live.

Even though most parents and educators give Sesame Street and shows like it high marks for quality, some critics argue that all television, whether educational or not, is harmful to children. These critics feel that the habit of watching hours of television every day turns children into bored and passive (被动的) consumers of their world rather than encouraging them to become active explorers of it

1). Which of the following statements is not based on the passage？

A. Parents are worried about the influence from television on their children.

B. Television has much influence on children.

C. Both parents and their children like watching educational television.

D. Some critics think that television is no good for children.

2). In what ways do children suffer from television？

A. They become the victims of social violence.

B. They spend hours watching television instead of doing school work.

C. The programs make the children lose interest in the world.

D. The programs make the children spend too much of their parents’ money.

3). Parents would not like their children to see commercials because ______

A. they think that their children are not old enough to handle advertising

B. commercials teach children alphabet and numbers

C. commercials help to sell products

D. they don’t like commercials

4). Educational television is widely appreciated because _____

A. it does have the same commercials as others

B. it offers programs for both children and their parents

C. many parents like the programs it offers for their children

D. children can learn some school subjects before they go to school

5). Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage？

A. Watching Too Much Television Is Harmful to Young Minds.

B. Television Is More Harmful than Educational.

C. Television’s Influence on Children.

D. More Education Television.

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

A few years ago it was fashionable to speak of a generation gap，a division between young people and their elders. Parents complained that children did not show them proper respect and obedience，while children complained that their parents did not understand them at all. What had gone wrong？ Why had the generation gap suddenly appeared？ Actually，the generation gap has been around for a long time. Many critics argue that it is built into the fabric of our society.

One important cause of the generation gap is the opportunity that young people have to choose their own life styles. In more traditional societies，when children grow up，they are expected to live in the same area as their parents，to marry people that their parents know and approve of，and often to continue the family occupation. In our society，young people often travel great distances for their educations，move out of the family home at an early age，marry-or live with-people whom their parents have never met，and choose occupations different from those of their parents.

In our upwardly mobile society，parents often expect their children to do better than they did：to find better jobs，to make more money，and to do all the things that they were unable to do. Often，however，the ambitions that parents have for their children are another cause of the division between them. Often，they discover that they have very little in common with each other.

Finally，the speed at which changes take place in our society is another cause of the gap between the generations. In a traditional culture，elderly people are valued for their wisdom，but in our society the knowledge of a lifetime may become obsolete overnight. The young and the old seem to live in two very different worlds，separated by different skills and abilities.

No doubt，the generation gap will continue to be a feature of American life for some time to come. Its causes are rooted in the freedoms and opportunities of our society，and in the rapid pace at which society changes.

The main idea of the first paragraph is that______.

A. the generation gap suddenly appeared

B. the generation gap is a feature of American life

C. how people can reduce the generation gap

D. many critics argue over the nature of the generation gap

Bilingual education Bilingual education has always been and continues to be a/an __________(1) subject. Some critics argue that bilingual education places an unfair burden on schools, and that taxpayers’ money should not be spent teaching immigrants in their native language. Many people _________(2) bilingual education agree that some bilingual programs are better than others, and not all of them are successful. ________(3), research has proven that students __________(4) are literate in their first language will learn how to read and write a second language more easily. ________(5), students who learn important concepts in math and science in their native language will be able to understand these concepts much more easily when they move into all-English courses.

1.

A、major

B、official

C、neutral

D、controversial

2.

A、in terms of

B、in favour of

C、in line with

D、in case of

3.

A、Therefore

B、Obviously

C、However

D、Moreover

4.

A、whose

B、who

C、whom

D、which

5.

A、Consequently

B、Lastly

C、In addition

D、Whatever

A.take aim at

B. take it out of

C. bring in

D. buy out

A、argue with

B、argue against

C、argue about

D、argue into

Critics of Wallerstein's study ______.

A. think the number of families studied was too small

B. think that all the factors were considered

C. think that divorce is not painful

D. think that healthy families do not have problems

The percentage of immigrants (including those unlawfully present) in the United States has been creeping upward for years. At 12.6 percent, it is now higher than at any point since the mid-1920s.

We are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried about inferior races polluting America's bloodstream. But once again we are wondering whether we have too many of the wrong sort of newcomers. Their loudest critics argue that the new wave of immigrants cannot, and indeed do not want to, fit in as previous generations did.

We now know that these racist views were wrong. In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success.

Although children of Mexican immigrants do better, in terms of educational and professional attainment, than their parents, UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don't continue. Indeed, the fourth generation is marginally worse off than the third. James Jackson, of the University of Michigan, has found a similar trend among black Caribbean immigrants. Telles fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks--that large parts of the community may become mired (陷入) in a seemingly permanent state of poverty and underachievement. Like African- Americans, Mexican-Americans are increasingly relegated to (降入) segregated, substandard schools, and their dropout rate is the highest for any ethnic group in the country.

We have learned much about the foolish idea of excluding people on the presumption of ethnic/racial inferiority. But what we have not yet learned is how to make the process of Americanization work for all. I am not talking about requiring people to learn English or to adopt American ways; those things happen pretty much on their own. But as arguments about immigration heat up the campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader questions about assimilation, about how to ensure that people, once outsiders, don't forever remain marginalized within these shores.

That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations. It will have more impact on our future than where we decide to set the admissions bar for the latest wave of would-be Americans. And it would be nice if we finally got the answer right.

How were immigrants viewed by U.S. Congress in early days？

A．They were of inferior races.

B．They were a source of political corruption.

C．They were a threat to the nation's security.

D．They were part of the nation's bloodstream.

More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to Doug Fog, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. More than two dozen companies sell DNA tests Directly to the public , ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500.

Among the most popular : paternity and kinship testing , which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and latest rage a many passionate genealogists-and supports businesses that offer to search for a family’s geographic roots .

Most tests require collecting cells by webbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. All tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare DNA.

But some observers are skeptical, “There is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing,” says Trey Duster, a New York University sociologist. He notes that each individual has many ancestors-numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. Yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the Y chromosome inherited through men in a father’s line or mitochondrial DNA, which a passed down only from mothers. This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents.

Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. Databases used by some companies don’t rely on data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. This means that a DNA database may differ depending on the company that processes the results. In addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.

26.In paragraphs 1 and 2 , the text shows PTK’s ___________.

[A]easy availability

[B]flexibility in pricing

[C] successful promotion

[D] popularity with households