The political career of Cicero, a great Roman statesman and the most well-known speech mak

第1题

Later, too depressed to take up the political career, Qu Yuan decided to ________.（)

A.commit suicide

B.turn to another king

C.take a revenge

D.retreat

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第2题

His political ______ came to an end 20 years ago.

A) occupation

B) employment

C) career

D) profession

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第3题

黄公望出狱时已经快 50 岁了,你认为他会继续追求仕途上的发展吗？ At the age of 50, Huang Gongwang was released. Do you think he will continue his pursuit of political career or not？

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第4题

The political career of Cicero, a great Roman statesman and the most well-known speech mak

er of his time, was a remarkable one. At the time, high political offices in Rome, though technically achieved by winning elections, were almost exclusively controlled by a group of wealthy noble families that held them for many generations. Cicero’s family, though noble, was not one of them, nor did it have great wealth. But Cicero had a great deal of political ambition; at a very young age he chose as his basic belief the same as Achilles was said to have had: to always be the best and overtop the rest. Lacking the advantage of a proper family origin, there were especially only two career options open to them. One was a military career, since military success was thought to result from exceptional personal qualities and could lead to popularity and therefore political opportunity as was the case much later for American presidents Ulysses S. Grant and Dwight D. Eisenhower. Cicero, however, was no soldier. He hated war, and served in the military only very briefly as a young man.

Instead, Cicero chose a career in the law. To prepare for this career, he studied law, rhetoric, and philosophy. When he felt he was ready, he began taking part in legal cases. A career in the law could lead to political success for several reasons, all of which are still relevant today. First, a lawyer would gain a great deal of experience in making speeches. Second, he could also gain exposure and popularity from cases. Finally, a successful lawyer would build up a network of political connections, which is important now but was even more important in Cicero’s time, when political competition was not conducted along party lines or on the basis of doctrine, but instead was based on loose, shifting networks of personal friendships and commitments. Cicero proved to be an excellent speech-maker and lawyer, and an outstanding politician. He was elected to each of the principal Rome offices on his first try and at the earliest age at which he was legally allowed to run for them.

To win an important office in Cicero’s time, a candidate should______.

A.be born of a wealthy family

B.possess political experience

C.launch a national campaign

D.convince the general public

Cicero came from a family with ______.

A.great wealth

B.remarkable fame

C.political ambition

D.noble background

Unlike Cicero, Ulysses Grant attained his political position due to ______.A.his strong beliefs

B.his personal relations

C.his military achievements

D.his powerful speeches

A Roman politician’s career prospects were strongly influenced by ______.A.their party’s support

B.their social connections

C.their political doctrine

D.their public popularity

Cicero was elected to the principal offices when______.

A.he got support from his friends

B.he began his career as a lawyer

C.he was committed to social services

D.he was just old enough to run for them

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第5题

Winston Churchill was one of the great men of his age. To show their respect for him,

the British lawmakers asked a fine artist, Graham Sutherland, to paint Winston Churchill's picture. When it was completed, it was presented to him, at a grand affair in the Westminster Hall, at the House of Commons.

It was reported in the newspapers to show that Churchill accepted the gift. He described the painting as "a remarkable example of modern art", which drew loud laughter.

In fact he was unhappy with the painting. Sutherland later reported that he asked whether it was to be painted in with a "happy" or "fierce" attitude. "Fierce," replied Churchill. At the time, Churchill was coming to the end of his political life and was unhappy that people wanted him to end his career.

Some twenty years later it was revealed that Lady Churchill hated the painting so much that she had it destroyed. "It was preying on (折磨) his mind," she was reported as saying.

A leading art critic was asked what he thought about the matter. He said he could understand Lady Churchill and had pity on her. Graham Sutherland is a very honest artist, who could only paint what he saw. At the time it was painted, Churchill was an old man, worried by the thought that he would have to end his political career soon. But Lady Churchill shouldn't have had the painting destroyed. It could have been stored away until after their deaths.

(1). The British lawmakers ask Graham Sutherland to paint a picture of Winston Churchill to show their respect for him.()

A. T B. F

(2). The painting was given to Winston Churchill in the Westminster Hall after it was finished.()

A. T B. F

(3). Churchill said the painting was not well painted.()

A. T B. F

(4). Churchill was actually unhappy at that time because he had to retire and put an end to his political life.()

A. T B. F

(5). The author's attitude towards the destruction of the painting is indifferent.()

A. T B. F

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第6题

Disraeli was as sparkling a letter－writer as he was a novelist. His letters show that

Disraeli was as sparkling a letter-writer as he was a novelist. His letters show that his capacity to observed was matched only by his ability to describe, and they are excited by his over-developed sense of self-dramatization as well as by his enduring sense of the greatness of his own destiny. He skims through these pages like some gorgeous bird of paradise, spreading his multi-colored feathers and never pausing long enough to become boring.

As early as 1830, when only 26, he is found advising Benjamin Austin to carefully conserve his letters for posterity. Fortunately Austin and others followed his advicA. As a result over 10,000 letters in his own hand have survived, quite apart from dictated letters and other notes and documents. Disraeli rarely kept a diary, and poured his thoughts, desires and reflections into his correspondencA.

What treasures there lie in store! We leave him 1837 with his longed-for election to Parliament, but ahead come into view the high peaks of his career with the twin mountains of his two premierships and his friendship with the Queen. Lord Esher maintained that the letters between Disraeli and Queen Victoria had largely been destroyed, but this was not so. A new, bright and searching light will eventually shine on that extraordinary political and romantic friendship.

41. This passage appears to be written by _______.

A a friend of Disraeli's

B a contemporary of Disraeli's

C a literary critic

D an autobiographer

42. ...his capacity to observe was matched only by his ability to describa... means

A he was as accomplished an observer as he was a descriptive writer

B his capacity to observe and his ability to describe were unrivalled

C he was capable of adapting descriptions to fit his observations

D his observations and descriptions reflected his own personal ambitions

43. During his lifetime Disraeli pursued the career of _______.

A a correspondent

B a politician

C a novelist

D a consultant

44. Even as a young man Disraeli realized that one day his letters would be _______.

A antiquated

B well-connected

C destroyed

D widely-read

45. Disraeli's two premierships and his friendship with the Queen are described as being _______. A obstacles to surmount

B unsurmountable obstacles

C pinnacles of success

D impossible challenges

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第7题

Du Bois was a sociological and educational pioneer who challenged the established system o

f education that tended to restrict rather than to advance the progress of black Americans. He challenged what is called the "Tuskegee machine" of Booker T. Washington, the leading educational spokesperson of the blacks in the U. S..A sociologist and historian, Du Bois called for a more determined and activist leadership than Washington provided.

Unlike Washington, whose roots were is southern black agriculture, Du Bois's career spanned both sides of the Mason-Dixon Line. He was a native of Massachusetts, received his undergraduate education from Fisk University in Nashville, did his graduate study at Harvard University, and directed the Atlanta University Studies of Black American Life in the South. Du Bols approached the problem of racial relations in the United States from two dimensions: as a scholarly researcher and as an activist for civil rights. Among his works was the famous empirical sociological study, The Philadelphia Negro: A Social Study, in which he examined that city's black population and made recommendations for the school system. Du Bols's Philadelphia study was the pioneer work on urban blacks in America.

Du Bois had a long and active career as a leader in the civil rights movement. He helped to organize the Niagara Movement in 1905, which led to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), established in 1909. From 1910 until 1934, Du Bois edited The Crisis, the major journal of the NAACP. In terms of its educational policy, the NAACP position was that all American children and youth should have genuine equality of educational opportunity. This policy, which Du Bois helped to formulate, stressed the following themes: (1) public s chooling should be free and compulsory for all American children; (2) secondary schooling should be provided for all youth; (3) higher education should not be monopolized by any special class or race.

As a leader in education, Du Bois challenged not only the tradition of racial segregation in the schools but also the accommodationist ideology of Booker T. Washington. The major difference between the two men was that Washington sought change that was evolutionary in nature and did not upset the social order, whereas Du Bois demanded immediate change. Du Bois believed in educated leadership for blacks, and he developed a concept referred to as the "talented tenth," according to which 10 percent of the black population would receive a traditional college education in preparation for leadership.

Compared with B. T. Washington, Du Bois's political stand was ______.

A．less popular.

B．more radical.

C．less aggressive.

D．more conservative.

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第8题

Part BDirections: Read the text, match the items （61-65) to one of the statements （A to G)

Part B

Directions: Read the text, match the items (61-65) to one of the statements (A to G) given below. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Read the texts from a magazine article in which five persons talked about their attitude to helping the people in developing countries. For question 61 to 65, match the name of each person (61 to 65) to one of the statements given below, which is the summary of his or her speech. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Judith Rodgers:

I was shocked. Last week my lecturer advised me to change a more suitable course. He said that a career in law was unsuitable for women. At first I thought he was joking, it was a stupid thing to say. Women are as intelligent as men. There are some excellent women lawyers. If he doesn't like teaching me, he should change his job. I have a right to study law. I will certainly have my career as a lawyer in the future. I don't think any male prejudice can stop me.

Peter Mitchell:

She's wasting her time studying law. When she gets married and has children she'll be too busy to work. I do believe that an intelligent woman can succeed in any career if she has enough strength to overcome male prejudice. But she has to decide first whether or not she wants to have children. It's impossible to have a successful career and to be a good mother at the same time. That's why all the professions are dominated by men. Women sometimes can't decide things properly, because they are too emotional.

Doris Newman:

What's the role of women in society today？ First, as toys for men to play with — naive and charming. Second, as unpaid servants of the despotic husband — hard working and obedient. Third, as factories for producing children. This is kept throughout society, from nursery to university, from sports to politics. Nowhere are women given the same status as men. Nowhere are they allowed to think. How can we fight this discrimination？ First by refusing to be played with. Second by refusing to be enslaved by marriage. Third, by refusing to have children. Finally, we must use political force to get equality of opportunity in employment and education. Women must regain their self-respect.

Muriel Green:

I really enjoy being a wife and a mother. I have two lovely little kids and I have a good husband who works hard to pay for everything we need. When he comes home after work he's tired and he has a right to expect the house to be clean and the dinner to be ready. I couldn't do his work and he certainly couldn't do mine. We are both happy with our work. My mother was a good mother and a good wife too. She taught me how to cook and how to sew. God creates men and women, who are different in many ways. Our place is at home. God makes women to be mothers and wives. Women's Liberation should stop interfering.

Martin Kent:

Until I find a job that pays me more money than my wife's getting now, I will do all the housework. Some men might laugh at me, but I don't mind. I am quite happy with this arrangement. They say that housework is a woman's job. That's stupid. If a woman has a skill and get a good salary, why shouldn't she work？ My wife is a beautician and she loves her work. I take care of our two kids, drive them to school, prepare dinner for the family and do all the household choirs. I get plenty time to play with my kids in the open, go fishing, hunting and boating. I think this is important for their growth. Of course I also get plenty time for my own hobbies, too. I see no points in keeping my wife at home while I can do most of the repairing that she can't. By doing so, we actually save quite a lot of money. I don't understand those who think that only women can do housework. Men always do their own housework when they are single.

Now match each of the persons (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement.

Note: there are two extra statements.

&nb

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第9题

Once you choose a career you should be stuck in it forever.（)

Once you choose a career you should be stuck in it forever.()

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第10题

the（)career woman.

A.successful

B.something

C.well

D.world

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第11题

The best way to find out your targeted career is to_______________ the job by yourself

.

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