When drinking coffee, many Americans like to drink it with cream added.（）

case you __________ the new carpet.

A) crash B) pollute

C) spot D) stain

Please be careful when you are drinking coffee in case you __________ the new carpet.

A) crash B) pollute C) spot D) stain

A) crash

B) pollute

C) spot

D) stain

Late-night Drinking

Coffee lovers beware. Having a quick "pick-me-up" cup of coffee late in the day will play havoc with your sleep. As well as being a stimulant, caffeine interrupts the flow of melatonin, the brain hormone that sends people into a sleep.

Melatonin levels normally start to rise about two hours before bedtime. Levels then peak between 2 am and 4 am, before falling again. "It's the neurohormone that controls our sleep and tells our body when to sleep and when to wake," says Maurice Ohayon of the Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center at Stanford University in California. But researchers in Israel have found that caffeinated coffee halves the body's levels of this sleep hormone.

Lotan Shilo and a team at the Sapir Medical Center in Tel Aviv University found that six volunteers slept less well after a cup of caffeinated coffee than after drinking the same amount of decaf. On average, subjects slept 336 minutes per night after drinking caffeinated coffee, compared with 415 minutes after decal They also took half an hour to drop off — twice as long as usual — and jigged around in bed twice as much.

In the second phase of the experiment, the researchers woke the volunteers every three hours and asked them to give a urine sample. Shilo measured concentrations of a breakdown product of melatonin. The results suggest that melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers were half those in decal drinkers. In a paper accepted for publication in Sleep Medicine, the researchers suggest that caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that drives melatonin production.

Because it can take many hours to eliminate caffeine from the body, Ohayon recommends that coffee lovers switch to decaf after lunch.

The author mentions "pick-me-up" to indicate that

A．melatonin levels need to be raised.

B．neurohormone can wake us up.

C．coffee is a stimulant.

D．decaf is a caffeinated coffee.

More people than ever are drinking coffee these

days--but in small quantities than they used to. Some 【S1】______

manufacturers of coffee makers are trying to make 【S2】______

advantage of this trend by developing diminutive

machines that brew(煮) smaller mounts of coffee.

Two U.S. appliance companies--Black & Decker,

basing in Towson, Maryland, and Toastmaster Inc. of 【S3】______

Columbia, Missouri--has recently introduced "drip" 【S4】______

coffee makers that brew one or two cup servings of

coffee. Neither of the products brew the coffee 【S5】______

directly into a cup or mug, eliminating the need for a

separate carafe. Since many people make a pot of

coffee in the morning and drink only a single cup, the 【S6】______

new coffee makers should reduce the wasted coffee.

Black & Decker's Cup-at-a-Time spends $27, while 【S7】______

Toastmaster's Coffee Break retails for $20.

Black & Decker also makes a coffee maker

drips coffee directly into a carry-around thermal 【S8】______

carafe. The carafe, a glass vacuum bottle, is supposed

to keep the coffee fresh for hours. The product,

called the Thermal Carafe Coffee-maker, comes with

a built-in lid that opens during die brewing process,

closes when it is completed. There are several models, 【S9】______

including one that fits under the counter, ranging

from $60 to $110 at price. 【S10】______

【S1】

【C1】

A．conflict

B．gap

C．mixture

D．difference

Coffee is a powerful drink. On a personal level, it helps keep us awake andactive. (80)On a much general level, it has helped shape our history and continues to shape our culture. Coffee plants grow wild in parts of Africa and were probably used by travelling tribes (部落)for thousands of years, but it wasnt until the 1400s that people figuredout they could roast its seeds. "Then it really took off," said historian Mark Pendergrast-author of Uncommon Grounds: the History of Coffee and How It Transformed Our World. By the 1500 s, the drink had spread to coffeehouses across the Arab world within another 150 years, it took Europe by storm. "It actually had a major impact on the rise of business," Pendergrast says. Coffeehouses became a spot not just to enjoy a cup but to exchange ideas. The insurance industry was founded hundreds of years ago in one of Londons 2,000 coffeehouses. Literature, newspapers and even the works of great composers like Bach and Beethoven were also inspired in coffeehouses. It is often said that after the Boston Tea Party of 1773, when American colonists (^殖民者) attacked British tea ships and threw large boxes of tea into the harbor, Americans everywhere switched over to drinking coffee. "Theres a lot of truth to the story, I found," Pendergrast says. He mentions a letter John Adams wrote to his wife, Abigail, in which the Founding Father declares his love of tea but says he will have to learn to accept coffee instead, because drinking tea had become unpatriotic. For all the upsides coffee has brought the modern world, it also brought its fair share of downsides , too. Europeans carried coffee with them as they colonized various parts of the world, and this frequendy meant they made people into slaves in order to grow it.

According to the passage, which of the following has nothing to do with coffee？

A．Literature.

B．Newspapers.

C．The insurance industry.

D．The oil industry.

Would you like ______ another cup of coffee？

A、to drink

B、drink

C、drank

D、drinking

A. effect

B. affect

C. affection

D. infect

A.to drink

B.drink

C.drank

D.drinking