Throughout the colonial period there was a remarkable shortage of women, （在殖民时期，

Throughout the colonial period there was a remarkable shortage of women, (在殖民时期，女性成为紧缺资源),which varied with the regions and was always greatest in the frontier areas. This shortage enhanced (提高)women's status and position and allowed them to pursue different careers. The puritans (清教徒) regarded idleness as a sin (罪恶), and believed that life in an underdevelopment country made it necessary that each member of the community performed an economic function. Thus work for women was not only approved but also was regarded as a civic (公民的) duty. Puritan town councils expected widows and independent women to be self-supporting. There was no social prohibition against married women working; on the contrary, wives were expected to help their husbands in their trade and won social approval for doing extra work in or out of the home.

The vast majority of women worked within their homes, where their labor produced most articles needed for the family. The entire colonial production of cloth and clothing and partly that of shoes was in the hands of women. In addition to these occupations, women were found in many different kinds of employment. They were butchers, silversmiths and gunsmiths. They ran mills, plantations, shipyards, and every kind of shop. They were gatekeepers, jail keepers, journalists, printers, nurses, and teachers.

1.What does the passage mainly discuss？

A.Colonial marriages.

B.The puritan religion.

C.Colonial women's employment.

D.Education in the colonies.

2.According to the passage, where in colonial North America were there the fewest women？

A.Puritan communities.

B.Seaports.

C.Frontier settlements.

D.Capital cities.

3.It can be inferred from the passage that the Puritans were ______.

A.uneducated

B.hardworking

C.generous

D.wealthy

4.According to the passage, Puritans believed that an unmarried adult woman should be ______.

A.financially responsible for herself

B.returned to England

C.supported by her family

D.trained to be a nurse

5.According to the passage, what did the Puritans expect from married women？

A.They should adopt needy children.

B.They should assist in their husbands' trade or business.

C.They should work only within their own homes.

D.They should be apprenticed.